![]() Second, create a new table named t1 in the mydb database: USE mydb Examples of setting character sets and collationsįirst, create a new database with utf8 as the character set and utf8_unicode_ci as the default collation: CREATE DATABASE mydbĬOLLATE utf8_unicode_ci Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) ( sql )īecause we specify the character set and collation for the mydb database explicitly, the mydb won’t take the default character set and collation of the database server. Let’s take a look at some examples of setting the character sets and collations. If you omit both character set and collation, the default character set and collation are used.If you specify a collation without a character set, the character set associated with the collation is used.If you specify a character set and omit the collation, the default collation of the character set is used.If you specify both a character set and a collation explicitly, the character set and collation are used.The rules for setting the character set and collation are: ![]() The CREATE TABLE and ALTER TABLE statement allows you to override the character set and collation for a specific column: column_name (length)ĬOLLATE collation_name Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) ( sql ) Or when you alter the table using the ALTER TABLE statement: ALTER TABLE table_name(ĬOLLATE collation_name Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) ( sql ) 4) Setting character set and collation at column levelĪ column of type CHAR, VARCHAR or TEXT can have its own character set and collation different from the table’s character set and collation. ![]() You can specify the default character set and collation for a table when you create the table by using the CREATE TABLE statement: CREATE TABLE table_name( 3) Setting character sets and collations at the table levelĪ database may contain tables with character sets and collations that are different from the database’s character set and collation. MySQL will use the database’s character set and collation by default for the tables that you create in the database. Or using the ALTER DATABASE statement: ALTER DATABASE database_name You can override the default settings at the database level by using CREATE DATABASE statement: CREATE DATABASE database_nameĬOLLATE collation_name Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) ( sql ) When you create a database but do not specify the character set and collation, MySQL will use the default character set and collation of the server for the new database. The following statement sets the utf8 character set and utf8_unicode_cs collation for the server via the command line: >mysqld -character-set-server=utf8 -collation-server=utf8_unicode_cs Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) ( sql ) 2) Setting character sets and collations at the database level However, if you specify both a character set and a collation explicitly, MySQL will use the character set and collation for all databases that you will create. If you specify one character set at server startup, MySQL will use the default collation of that character set. You can change these settings at server startup. Therefore, the default collation is latin1_swedish_ci. MySQL uses the latin1 as the default character set. MySQL allows you to specify character sets and collations at four levels:ġ) Setting character sets and collations at Server Level To get all collations for a given character set, you use the SHOW COLLATION statement as follows: SHOW COLLATION LIKE 'character_set_name%' Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) ( sql )įor example, the following statement gets all collations for the latin1 character set: SHOW COLLATION LIKE 'latin1%' Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) ( sql ) MySQL Collations for latin1 Character SetĪs mentioned above, each character set has a default collation e.g., latin1_swedish_ci is the default collation of the latin1 character set. The values of the default collation column specify the default collations for the character sets.īy convention, a collation for a character set begins with the character set name and ends with _ci (case insensitive) _cs (case sensitive) or _bin (binary). MySQL provides the SHOW CHARACTER SET statement that allows you to get the default collations of character sets: SHOW CHARACTER SET Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) ( sql ) However, two character sets cannot have the same collation. And it can have more than one collation and. Each character set in MySQL has at least one default collation. Introduction to MySQL collationĪ MySQL collation is a set of rules used to compare characters in a particular character set. Summary: in this tutorial, you will learn about MySQL collation and how to set character sets and collations for the MySQL server, database, table, and column.
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